Problems of National Integration in India Essay

Communalism : In a broad sense , communalism refers to the tendency of any socio- religious group to maximize its economic, political and social power by other groups. This trend runs counter to the notion of a secular nation state that India has a purpose. Secularism in the Indian context is defined as the peaceful coexistence of all religions without state patronage to any of them. State to treat all of them equally. Nevertheless , in a secular country like India , we often hear, see and read about communal conflicts . While making conscious efforts purposes of democracy and socialism , the nation-state in India was not free from communal clashes. There is historical evidence to prove that the various religious communities in India have coexisted peacefully in time. Of course , there is also evidence that reflects the conflict between different religious communities . The most famous were clashes between Hindus and Muslims . One of the major social problems of India in the 80s was a communal division problem . When one group defends its interests and identity by another group , communal divides appear. Some cities, such as Moradabad, Meerut, Aligarh and Beard etc. emerged as centers of social unrest. Social inequality : In every society there is a system of social stratification. Social stratification refers to inequality in a society based on the unequal distribution of goods, services, wealth, power, prestige, duties, rights , responsibilities and privileges . Take, for example , social inequality by caste system. Being hereditary and endogamous system , the opportunities for social mobility is very small. Social benefits and financial and educational benefits in the long run is only available to the upper caste groups . Social inequality is disintegrating influence on the process of nation building.
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